Гемореология ишемического инсульта (обзор литературы)

УДК 616.8-005.8+616.151

Аннотация

Нарастающая распространенность ишемического инсульта (ИИ) ставит перед исследователями новые задачи в обеспечении прогнозирования и диагностики. Одной из альтернатив традиционным методам диагностики ИИ является гемореология. Это относительно недорогие методы в применении, не требующие дорогостоящих расходных материалов. В русскоязычной литературе методам гемореологии уделено мало внимания. В статье представлен подробный обзор публикаций по гемореологии ИИ. Освещены работы по характеристике реологических нарушений, встречающихся у пациентов с церебральной ишемией, с рентгенологическими признаками патологии церебральных сосудов. Приведены данные о показателях ухудшения текучести крови, включающие повышение вязкости плазмы, нарушение деформируемости и агрегации эритроцитов, которые наблюдается задолго до манифестации ИИ, а также являются факторами риска развития стойкого неврологического ухудшения во время госпитализации после острого ИИ и увеличения срока госпитализации. Очерчен круг клинических ситуаций ИИ, в которых реологические методы получили применение при оценке эффективности терапевтических стратегий (тромболизиса, гемодилюции, афереза, медикаментозной коррекции).

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