Тромбоз, гемостаз и реология

Tromboz, Gemostaz I Reologiya
scientific and practical journal

ISSN 2078–1008 (Print); ISSN 2687-1483 (online)
2020, Review
2020

Coagulopathy in COVID‐19 infection: 616.411-003.971

Review
Published 2020-12-06
Sergey I. Kusnetsov
Samara Regional Clinical Station of Blood Transfusion; 156 Novo-Sadovaya Str., Samara 443068, Russia;
ГБУЗ «Самарская областная клиническая станция переливания крови»; Россия, 443068 Самара, ул. Ново-Садовая, 156;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4302-8946 (unauthenticated)
Eugene A. Shestakov
Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Health Ministry of Russian Federation; 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203, Russia
ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Россия, 105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-4493 (unauthenticated)
Eugene B. Zhiburt
Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Health Ministry of Russian Federation; 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203, Russia
ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Россия, 105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7943-6266 (unauthenticated)

Keywords

blood
blood coagulation
thrombosis
prophylaxis
plasma
convalescence
COVID‐19
SARS‐CoV‐2
immunotherapy
  Full Text

Abstract

Summary. Background. Coagulopathies are known for infections with SARS and MERS coronaviruses. Objectives: the reviewing the early accumulated information on coagulopathy in COVID-19. Patients/Methods. In PubMed Library with the keywords «COVID-19», «coagulopathy» we selected 15 publications containing the results of original studies. Results. In severe cases of the disease, a cytokine storm is observed, higher levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP), longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Data about incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation are contradictory. Conclusions. Patients with COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure exhibit severe hypercoagulation. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparins or fondaparinux is recommended for all hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Donor plasma for passive immunotherapy should be transfused only as part of clinical trials.

References

  1. Wong R. S., Wu A., To K. F. et al. Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis. BMJ. 2003;326(7403):1358–62. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.326.7403.1358.
  2. Al-Omari A., RabaanA.A., Salih S. et al. MERS coronavirus outbreak: Implications for emerging viral infections. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019;93(3):265–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.10.011.
  3. Lillicrap D. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(4):786– 7. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14781.
  4. Tang N., Li D., Wang X., Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(4):844–7. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14768.
  5. Tang N., Bai H., Chen X. et al. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(5):1094– 9. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14817.
  6. Yin S., Huang M., Li D., Tang N. Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2020 Apr 3;1–4. DOI: 10.1007/s11239–020–02105–8. [Online ahead of print].
  7. Klok F.A., Kruip M.J.H.A., van der Meer N.J.M. et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2020;191:145–7. DOI: 10.1016/j. thromres.2020.04.013.
  8. Wang J., Hajizadeh N., Moore E.E. et al. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): A Case Series. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(7):1752–5. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14828.
  9. Zhang Y., Xiao M., Zhang S. et al. Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(17): e38. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2007575.
  10. Magro C., Mulvey J.J., Berlin D. et al. Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases. Transl Res. 2020;220:1–13. DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.04.007.
  11. Panigada M., Bottino N., Tagliabue P. et al. Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit. A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(7):1738–42. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14850.
  12. Beun R., Kusadasi N., Sikma M. et al. Thromboembolic events and apparent heparin resistance in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Int J Lab Hematol. 2020;42(Suppl 1):19–20. DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13230.
  13. Rasmussen S.A., Smulian J.C., Lednicky J.A. et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222(5):415–26. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajog.2020.02.017.
  14. Spiezia L., Boscolo A., Poletto F. et al. COVID-19-related severe hypercoagulability in patients admitted to intensive care unit for acute respiratory failure. Thromb Haemost. 2020;120(6):998–1000. DOI: 10.1055/s-0040–1710018.
  15. Kollias A., Kyriakoulis K.G., Dimakakos E. et al. Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: Emerging evidence and call for action. Br J Haematol. 2020;189(5):846–847. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16727.
  16. Zabolotskikh I. B., Kirov M. Yu., Lebedinskii K. M. et al. Anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19. Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists Guidelines. Vestnik intensivnoj terapii imeni A.I. Saltanova. 2020;(S1):3–120. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21320 / 1818–474X-2020-S 1–9–120.