Platelet aggregation and adhesion in diabetic foot: 616.379‐036.11‐07‐092:617.586

Abstract

Summary. Introduction. Today, the most prevalent endocrine disease worldwide is diabetes mellitus (DM), which is increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate and has reached epidemic proportions. It is regarded as a principal predictor for macrovascular complications, which can lead to such formidable complications as diabetic foot. Aim: to assess the level of platelet aggregation and lymphocyte‐platelet adhesion in the development of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Materials and Methods. In a non‐randomized cohort retrospective study, three groups were formed. Group 1 included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM‐2) who did not develop diabetic foot (n = 29). Group 2 included 30 patients with DFS (n = 30). Group 3 included practically healthy individuals (n = 31). The aggregation ability of platelets was investigated through the assessment of the degree and rate of ADP‐induced platelet aggregation, as determined by the curve of the average aggregate size and the light transmission curve. The indicator of lymphocyte‐platelet adhesion was also determined and a lymphocyte‐platelet index was calculated. Results. The probability of DFS developing in patients with DM‐2 exhibiting a maximum degree of spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPAAMZ) of 1.84% or greater increases almost tenfold. The probability of DFS developing in patients with DM‐2 with a maximum value of light transmission during spontaneous platelet aggregation (SSPAMZ), which is 7.73% or less, increases almost threefold. The probability of DFS developing in patients with DM‐2 with a maximum value of light transmission during ADP‐induced platelet aggregation using an ADP solution at a concentration of 5 μg/mL (A5SPMS), which is 56.9% or more, increases by approximately 2.2 times. The probability of DFS developing in patients with DM‐2 with a maximum value of light transmission during ADP‐induced platelet aggregation using an ADP solution at a concentration of 1.25 μg/mL (A1SPMS), which is less than 47.5%, increases by approximately 5 times. The probability of DFS developing in patients with DM‐2 with a maximum degree of spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPAAMZ) of less than 60.7% increases approximately 1.4 times. Conclusion. DM‐2, complicated by diabetic foot development, is accompanied by pronounced changes in some platelet aggregation parameters. A comprehensive assessment of these changes allows predicting the risk of DFS.

For citation: Damdinov R.I., Shapovalov K.G., Troitskaya N.I., Solpov A.V. Platelet aggregation and adhesion in diabetic foot. Tromboz, gemostaz i reologiya. 2024;(3):67–74. (In Russ.).

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